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The process by which new inventions arise, become demonstrated, and are eventually deployed in society is one the more complex questions addressed by economics. While here it relates to our interest in a particular environmental problem, this phenomenon underlies the more general process of sustained economic growth.
Research in this area has sought to quantify the various steps of the R&D process and measure its responsiveness to various influences. Unfortunately, the output of R&D can be difficult to measure. Patents, improved productivity, and discrete process changes are all hard to measure. The inputs to R&D are even more difficult to observe both because businesses are somewhat discreet about their private R&D spending and because some R&D is informal and commingled with other expenses. Researchers have devised clever ways to address both challenges.
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Panel: Innovation
Understanding Transatlantic Differences
An RFF Co-Hosted Seminar
Speakers address the economics of R&D, low carbon policy mechanisms and the impact of coal on greenhouse gas reduction efforts. |
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Earth Science Remote Sensing Data - Contributions to Natural Resources Policymaking
Molly K. Macauley and Fred M. Vukovich
Discussion Paper 05-35
August 2005 |
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Technology Prizes for Climate Change Mitigation
Richard G. Newell and Nathan E. Wilson
Discussion Paper 05-33
June 2005
In certain circumstances, with proper research and design, prizes offered by public agencies as well as private firms or foundations could induce innovations that reduce greenhouse gases. |
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A Tale of Two Market Failures:
Technology and Environmental Policy
Adam B. Jaffe, Richard G. Newell, and Robert N. Stavins
Discussion Paper 04-38
October 2004 |
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Model, Model on the Screen, What's the Cost of Going Green?
Hadi Dowlatabadi, David R. Boyd, and Jamie MacDonald
Discussion Paper 04-17
April 2004 |
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Emissions Pricing, Spillovers, and Public Investment in Environmentally Friendly Technologies
Carolyn Fischer
Discussion Paper 04-02
February 2004 |
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Who Pays for Energy Efficiency Standards?
Carolyn Fischer
Discussion Paper 04-11
February 2004 |
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